THE CANADIAN PRESS/Jeff McIntosh
1980 — The federal government ignites widespread alienation in Alberta with the National Energy Program, which keeps domestic oil prices below world levels to promote Canadian energy security and increase the federal share of oil revenues. Alberta views it as an unjustified attack and a federal money grab. The issue is later settled, but discontent with Ottawa continues.
1982 — Separatism enjoys a brief heyday. Gordon Kesler of the Western Canada Concept Party wins a provincial byelection in central Alberta on a separatist platform. Later that year in the general election, he loses a spot in the legislature. The party receives 12 per cent of the vote but no seats.
2019 — The anti-Ottawa mood ramps up as the United Conservative Party under Jason Kenney wins power in Alberta, capitalizing on discontent over federal rules and policies deemed to impair Alberta’s ability to create wealth, particularly in oil and gas. Premier Kenney fights for more independence from Ottawa but remains a staunch advocate for the province staying in Confederation.
2022-23 — Kenney is replaced by Danielle Smith, who wins government in the 2023 election on a platform of further asserting independence from Ottawa. Unlike Kenney, Premier Smith, while stressing her preference for a “sovereign Alberta within a united Canada,” refuses to characterize separatists as fringe extremists, saying they have valid grievances that deserve to be aired.
April 28, 2025 — Mark Carney and the Liberals defeat the federal Conservatives to win a minority government.
May 5, 2025 — Smith announces a panel to discuss Alberta's future in Canada. She says her government won't itself put separation on a ballot but would honour a successful citizen petition seeking such a vote. At the same time, her government takes steps to eventually pass rules to lower thresholds for citizen-led petitions.
June 2025 — Former Alberta Progressive Conservative deputy premier Thomas Lukaszuk launches a “Forever Canadian” petition to affirm the province stays in Canada. It eventually collects more than 400,000 names — enough to validate the petition. But by the spring of 2026, the petition is tied up in a legislature committee as Smith questions whether Lukaszuk gathered the names for a referendum or as a trigger for a vote among legislature members.
Former Deputy Premier, MLA and spokesperson for the Forever Canada petition, Thomas Lukaszuk, at a Forever Canadian rally, in Edmonton, Saturday, May 23, 2026.
THE CANADIAN PRESS/Amanda Erickson.
January 2026 — Mitch Sylvestre of the separatist Alberta Prosperity Project is given the green light by election officials to launch a petition asking whether Alberta should leave Canada. Months later, the petition is deemed successful, having gathered about 223,000 signatures.
Feb. 19, 2026 — Smith announces nine referendum questions about immigration and constitutional concerns will be put to Albertans in an Oct. 19 referendum.
May 13, 2026 — An Alberta Court of King's Bench judge quashes the separatist petition, ruling Smith’s government didn't properly consult First Nations as required in the Constitution. Smith later promises to challenge the ruling, and it remains in legal limbo.
Mitch Sylvestre hold boxes of signatures before submitting signatures for a separation referendum to Elections Alberta in Edmonton, on Monday, May 4, 2026.
THE CANADIAN PRESS/Jason Franson
May 21, 2026 — Smith announces a 10th referendum question asking whether Alberta should stay in Canada or hold a binding vote on separation. Smith cites the legal uncertainty of the court decision on the separatist petition as the driving force, saying it unduly deprives thousands of Albertans of having a say. Smith later cites Lukaszuk's petition, too, as a reason. She says both show hundreds of thousands of Albertans want the issue decided.
Sept. 10, 2026 — The Alberta government launches a $4-million advertising campaign for the referendum and urges citizens to vote to stay in Canada. The move comes as polls suggest a broad majority of Albertans want to stay.
Sept. 14, 2026 — Smith's UCP loses a byelection to the Opposition NDP in their conservative stronghold of Calgary-Shaw. Critics across the political spectrum say the referendum was a factor in punishing Smith’s UCP. Her office says the party lost due to right-centre vote splitting.
Sept. 16, 2026 — Smith's government publishes a report it commissioned from the University of Calgary to determine what fiscal challenges and benefits an independent Alberta could see. It estimates an initial five-year price tag of $50 billion to $170 billion, noting that figures could swing sharply depending on factors outside Alberta's control.
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Oct. 16, 2026.
Copyright 2026, The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.
Une liste des pays les moins stricts aux frontières est sortie et voici le score du Canada
Les restrictions d'entrée sont assez sévères. 👀
La population canadienne est habituellement réputée pour sa gentillesse. On parle même d'une « sur-amabilité » qui nous vaudrait le stéréotype de nous excuser constamment. Qu'il soit vrai ou non, il n'en reste rien que d'être reconnu pour être sympathique n'est pas à plaindre et peut attirer moult expats qui cherchent une nouvelle contrée où s'installer. Le Canada avait d'ailleurs reçu le titre du troisième meilleur pays au monde selon le U.S. News en 2022.
Selon Passeport Index, une plateforme digitale qui évalue les types de passeports de la planète, les pays « les plus accueillants » seraient plutôt ceux qui possèdent le moins de restrictions aux frontières pour les visiter et qui seraient donc considérés comme moins stricts. Il semble que dans cette optique, le Canada est bien loin dans la liste qui comprend 84 positions au total. Pour effectuer le classement, Passeport Index s'est fié au nombre de types de passeports que chaque pays accepte sans visa, avec visa à l'arrivée ou avec eTA (autorisation de voyage requise), et ce, depuis le début de 2023.
En 68e position, le Canada est évalué comme assez sévère dans ses règlements pour entrer au pays. Il est suivi de l'Australie en 79e position, des États-Unis ainsi que l'Irak en 70e et du Mali en 71e. Cela signifie que ce n'est pas tout le monde qui peut passer les frontières et espérer entrer sur le territoire canadien puisque le pays permet à seulement 54 nationalités d'entrer sans visa, avec visa à l'arrivée ou avec eTA.
Parmi les pays « les plus accueillants » notons, entre autres, en première position, le Gabon, la Guinée, l'Éthiopie, l'Angola, le Djibouti, la Bolivie, les Maldives et le Burundi qui ont tou.tes accueilli près de 198 passeports en 2023.
La Corée du Nord, classée comme à éviter absolument selon le Gouvernement du Canada, s'est placée à la toute fin de la liste en 84e position ainsi que l'Afghanistan et le Turkmenistan puisqu'eux aussi n'ont accepté aucune entrée.