Discover Narcity
Get the latest and greatest stories every day in your inbox.
How AI allegations led Quebec author from prestigious awards to losing his publisher
Timeline of AI allegations around Thélyson Orélien
THE CANADIAN PRESS/Handout — Francois Couture (Mandatory Credit)
A few weeks ago, Haitian-born Quebec author Thélyson Orélien was collecting award nominations as his book topped bestseller lists. Then, allegations that he used artificial intelligence to write his debut novel, “C’était ça ou mourir” (“It was either that or dying”), started cropping up.
On Wednesday, his Quebec publisher announced it was cutting ties with the author after it found evidence it says indicates he used artificial intelligence to write his book.
Here is a timeline of the rise of Orélien’s book and the mounting accusations that followed.
2017: Orélien said he began writing his book in 2017 in Laval, north of Montreal.
The book follows a Haitian man forced to flee his country and make a perilous journey through the Americas to Quebec. The story is based on Orélien's own experience leaving Haiti after the 2010 earthquake, the author has said.
2019: Orélien said he finished the first draft of more than 300 pages, two years later.
Sept. 12, 2025: Les Éditions du Boréal said it received the manuscript of “C’était ça ou mourir." The publisher later said it couldn't verify the allegations about the book's writing process before that date.
March 9, 2026: “C’était ça ou mourir” is published in Quebec. It was published in France a few weeks later and set to be translated into over 20 languages, according to French publisher Éditions Grasset.
Sept. 2: “C’était ça ou mourir” is among 16 nominees for the Prix Goncourt, one of France’s most prestigious literary awards.
Sept. 21: Grasset announces the author has won France’s Prix du Roman Fnac, a literary award chosen by a jury of 400 booksellers and 400 readers.
That same day, the X account “Balance ton Claude” alleges that, according to Pangram software, excerpts of Orélien’s novel had been written “almost entirely by artificial intelligence.”
Sept. 22: Orélien denies AI use in a joint press release with his Quebec publisher. The author says his writing style comes from Haiti's literary tradition, “where poetry, images, repetitions and rhythm carry a living speech."
The publisher defends Orélien and denounces statements that “directly damage the author’s reputation.”
Sept. 23: Separate plagiarism allegations emerge as media outlet La Presse publishes an article outlining passages in articles attributed to Orélien and published in Quebec and French media between 2012 and 2014 that were near-identical to previously-published work by other authors.
Sept. 24: Boréal says it is concerned about the plagiarism allegations and suspends promotional activities surrounding Orélien’s novel, citing the author’s well-being. The publisher says it is working with the author to compile a detailed record of his writing process.
The Salon du livre de l’Estrie, a book fair in Sherbrooke, Que., announces it is removing Orélien as a guest of honour after learning of the plagiarism allegations.
That same day, French literary online magazine ActuaLitté publishes an article about a 2023 text on Orélien’s blog which included a sentence that looks like an AI prompt.
Sept. 25: The Académie Goncourt removes “C’était ça ou mourir” from consideration for the Prix Goncourt. The academy cites analyses it considered credible and the separate plagiarism allegations involving Orélien’s previous work.
Orélien declines to respond to the new allegations or provide further comment. “I can’t talk about it. I want to focus on my physical and mental health,” he says in a WhatsApp message to The Canadian Press.
Oct. 13: In a statement, Orélien admits that he plagiarized some of his earlier work and apologizes for making what he described as unacceptable mistakes in his youth. “Admiration does not give you the right to take, to claim as your own texts that are not yours,” he writes.
However, he denies using AI to write his debut novel, saying no sentence was generated by a machine. He adds that he used AI tools for research, for instance to look up foreign-language expressions.
“What I am going through is cruel,” he writes. “By attributing a text, one that is mine...to a machine, they have not only called into question my status as a writer but also my humanity.”
Oct. 14: Boréal condemned Orélien’s plagiarism but said it stood by the author amid the AI allegations and would keep the book on shelves. It said it had no evidence beyond the author’s word to determine how the novel was written.
“The publisher’s role is not to demand proof from authors, but to stand by them, and that is what we are doing,” the publishing house said.
Oct. 17: Boréal confirms Orélien has dropped his efforts to compile evidence he did not use AI to write his novel. “That decision is his to make, and we accept it, although we certainly would have preferred to be able to provide definitive answers to the allegations of AI use against him,” co-director Renaud Roussel wrote in an email to The Canadian Press.
At the time, Roussel said the publisher’s position on the affair had not changed. A new printing was expected the following week.
Oct. 21: Boréal announces it cut ties with Orélien. The publishing house says it found evidence, through an analysis of some documents' metadata, that Orélien used AI to write his book.
The publisher said it will not reprint the book or publish more books by Orélien.
“We still do not know to what extent AI was used in the creation of ‘C’était ça ou mourir,’ and we will likely never have a definitive answer,” it wrote.
— With files from Charlotte Glorieux
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Oct. 22, 2026.
By Marieke Glorieux-Stryckman | Copyright 2026, The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.
Keep reading
Show less
Do municipal councils represent the diversity of their constituents?
Ontario’s 2022 municipal election turnout fell to a historic low of 32.9 per cent.
Toronto, Mississauga and Brampton are among Canada's most diverse cities, but how closely do their municipal councils reflect the communities they represent?
As voters prepare for the Oct. 26 municipal elections, New Canadian Media has examined the barriers to political representation in these three major cities.
The series explored the challenges facing immigrant and visible minority candidates; the advantages enjoyed by incumbents; the role of campaign fundraising; and debates over the use of languages other than English to reach voters. It has also looked at whether public transit systems are meeting the needs of immigrant communities.
Voter participation remains a concern. In Ontario's 2022 municipal elections, participation fell to a historic low of 32.9 per cent, according to the Association of Municipalities of Ontario (AMO).
Toronto, Mississauga, and Brampton are reporting increased advance voting numbers, although that may not translate into a higher overall voter turnout.
In its Turn up the Turnout report, the AMO suggests the shrinking of the local media environment has had far-reaching impacts on voter participation and turnout.
As part of this coverage, NCM reporter Rodrigo Huerta Aguirre created an interactive map to help readers explore the relationship between local demographics, elected representatives and voter participation.
The map below shows municipal election results from 2022 and subsequent byelections, along with information on councillors, ward demographics drawn from the 2021 census and voter turnout in Toronto, Mississauga and Brampton.
These details offer a closer look at the communities that municipal councils represent, and the residents who participate in choosing them.
The map reveals striking differences between wards, even within the same city. In Mississauga, immigrants made up nearly 60 per cent of residents in Wards 4 and 6 according to the 2021 census. In Wards 1 and 2, immigrants accounted for one third of the population.
Voter participation varied widely across Toronto in 2022, with turnout reaching 38 per cent in Parkdale–High Park but falling to 22 per cent in Humber River–Black Creek.
By placing these demographic figures next to the names and photographs of elected representatives, the map shows how closely municipal councils reflect the communities they serve. The differences in voter participation also raise broader questions about political representation and the barriers to participation explored in NCM's election coverage.
.map-wrapper {<br /> width: 100%;<br /> padding: 16px 0;<br /> box-sizing: border-box;<br /> }<br /> .map-wrapper iframe {<br /> display: block;<br /> width: 100%;<br /> height: 80vh;<br /> min-height: 600px;<br /> border: 0;<br /> border-radius: 12px;<br /> box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);<br /> }<br /> @media (max-width: 768px) {<br /> .map-wrapper iframe {<br /> height: 75vh;<br /> min-height: 500px;<br /> }<br /> }<br />
Copyright 2026, New Canadian Media. All rights reserved.
Rodrigo Huerta Aguirre, Local Journalism Initiative Reporter, New Canadian Media.
Keep reading
Show less
Ottawa to announce funding for 60 national sport organizations
Ottawa to fund 60 national sport organizations
THE CANADIAN PRESS/Sammy Kogan
The federal government is set to announce funding for more than 60 national sport organizations today.
Organizations set to receive funding include Athletics Canada, Canada Basketball, the Canadian Cycling Association and Hockey Canada.
Secretary of State for Sport Adam van Koeverden will announce the funding today alongside Team Canada athletes and members of Parliament.
A government official says the funding is meant to help organizations expand participation by increasing access, building interest and delivering programming.
The federal government announced plans in its spring economic update to inject more money into Canada's national sport organizations.
That promise came after the Future of Sport in Canada Commission's final report, issued in March, found the country's sport system was facing a "funding crisis" as federal funding had not kept up with inflation.
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Oct. 22, 2026.
-With files from Nick Murray
By Catherine Morrison | Copyright 2026, The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.
Keep reading
Show less
Un dîner tout en blanc débarque à Québec dans un lieu secret et ça s'annonce magique
Gastronomie, party et paysage magnifique!
Tu n'as pas besoin de chercher quoi faire à Québec pour passer un moment magique dans cette ville pittoresque ce mois-ci, puisque le Diner en Blanc (DEB) est de retour après cinq ans d'absence et c'est l'événement estival à ne pas manquer. Imagine la scène : tu as minutieusement élaboré ta tenue originale d'un blanc immaculé, ton pique-nique est préparé ou réservé, puis tu te rends à un point de rencontre prédéterminé avant d'être mené.e vers un lieu secret où une vague de personnes en habits monochromes se rassemble pour un moment gastronomique chic d’inspiration française et festif à souhait.
Après avoir mangé, place à la fête sous le ciel étoilé, lancée en allumant des sparklers distribués aux invité.e.s. Danse, musique live et ambiance électrisante sont au programme.
Voilà ce qui t'attend au fameux DEB qui célèbre du même coup son dixième anniversaire dans un esprit mettant la mode, la nourriture et la convivialité à l'honneur
Si le lieu reste secret, l'organisation te promet un emplacement remarquable, alors que des éditons passées ont envahies le Grand Théâtre de Québec, le Quai 22 au Port de Québec et le Jardin Saint-Roch, pour te donner une idée. Cela dit, note qu'il y a certaines règles à respecter afin de participer.
Les personnes qui le souhaitent pourront donc apporter leur propre repas ainsi que leur vin et leur champagne (les deux seuls types d'alcools permis afin de respecter l'influence française de l'événement), ou réserver l'un des deux menus conçus pour la fête.
Ceux-ci offrent trois à quatre services pour deux personnes et détiennent chacun au moins un plat proposé par des chefs locaux de renom comme Arnaud Marchand et Olivier Langlois de Chez Boulay, Pierre Gagnon de Le Bedeau ainsi que Emeline Pero de Les Botanistes.
Tu peux sélectionner La boîte découverte à 85 $, qui inclut un parfait de foie gras au nard des pinèdes avec confit d'échalotes à l'aronie et pain brioché, du saumon confit badigeonné d'une laque miroir de vin rouge présenté avec une émulsion d'algues, et pour le dessert, une tartelette au citron meringué et osmanthus.
La seconde option est affichée à 110 $ et se compose d'une burrata farcie au praliné amandes et fruits séchés, d'un gravlax de flétan de la Gaspésie servi avec rhubarbe, agastache, cucurbitacées et riz soufflés, d'une mosaïque de poireaux au nori et magret de canard cuit au sel, ainsi que d'un tiramisu aux épices et grains du Québec.
Tu as déjà l'eau à la bouche? Alors, n'hésite pas à réserver ta place dès maintenant sur le site du DEB.
Le Diner en Blanc de Québec
Prix : 51 $ par personne pour l'inscription - À partir de 85 $ par repas pour deux personnes
Quand : Le 22 août 2024
Adresse : Un lieu secret dévoilé quelques minutes avant l’événement
Site Internet du Diner en Blanc